Technology in health care has taken many forms over the years. In 1796, Edward Jenner developed the first smallpox vaccination method. A hundred years later, Wilhelm Rontgen discovered how to use x-rays for medical imaging. And in 2013, Japanese researchers grew the first human liver from stem cells. What is next? How does one technological advance set the stage for further discoveries?

For this assignment you will compose an analysis of 750-1,000 words incorporating the following:

1. Evaluate at a minimum of two different historical perspectives regarding the delivery of health care in the United States. How has technology and the lack of developing technology affected and shaped these perspectives?
2. Contrast and describe two technological advances that have positively impacted health care delivery in the United States.
3. Explain how the two technological advances you selected have influenced public opinion of the changing health care system in the United States? Provide a brief summary of both positive and negative opinions.
4. Forecast how you believe these two technological advances will affect delivery and utilization of health care in the United States in the future. What other factors may simultaneously affect health care utilization?

 

Competency

Explore the physical principles of classical physics.

Instructions

In a two-page paper, identify the classical physics principles contained within the following scenario. Explain how these principals connect to work done by Galileo or Newton. Finally, consider the different fields in which Galileo and Newton did research, and give an example of one of these fields in use in your life. For instance, Newton developed the field of optics. If you wear glasses or contact lenses, you are using Newton’s physical optics theories every day. Aside from glasses or contacts, how do the theories of Newton or Galileo affect you in your daily life?

Scenario

Mandy took a trip to Rome, Italy. She gazed out over the open ocean 20,000 feet below as her airplane began its descent to her final destination. She could watch the Sun setting in the west. Over the Eastern horizon peeked a full moon, just rising, displaying its cratered face. As the plane neared the ground, Mandy could not help but think that she was in a giant metal object hurtling through the sky. Without the specific shape of its wings, the plane would fall to the ground no differently than a large metal projectile.

(2 points for each question)

(1)  Consider the following entity-relation diagram. Please select the correct statement. 

Provider

Visit

1:N

(a)  A single record in the Provider table is associated with multiple records in the Visit table

(b)  Multiple records in the Provider table are associated with a single record in the Visit table

(c)  A single record in the Provider table is associated with a single record in the Visit table

(d)  Multiple records in the Provider table are associated with multiple records in the Visit table 

(2)  Consider the following design of a table with the records populated. Please identify the problem with this design. 

(a)  Inconsistent data in certain records

(b)  Missing data in certain records

(c)  Redundant data in certain records

(d)  Wrong data in certain records

(3)  For the problem identified in Question (2), the technique in database design to eliminate it is called:

(a)  Abstraction  

(b)  Normalization

(c)  Randomization

(d)  Standardization

(4)  Consider the following table. Please select the incorrect statement.

(a)   is a field

(b)   is a key

(c)   is a record

(d)   is a view 

(5)  Consider the following design of a table with the records populated. Please identify the problem in the data fields of this table:

(a)  Calculated field

(b)  Multipart field

(c)  Multivalued field

(d)  Normalized field   

  

Health Savings Accounts: Case Study

The United States has arguably the most advanced health care in the world. And yet, a large proportion of Americans do not have access to this care due to its high cost. Providers, consumers, and the government have long searched for a way out of this paradoxical situation. HSAs offer one solution.

The American health care system is complex. A part of the population has access to health care through Medicare and Medicaid. Another part simply pays for care out of pocket. A substantial proportion of the population uses third-party payers to pay for care.

Payers have reacted to the rising costs of care by introducing various gatekeeper mechanisms. These have not been popular with consumers who see them as restrictive. The American population is aging and the need for care is likely to increase over the next decade.

While the earnings of health care professionals have been increasing, insurance premiums have also increased. Among hospitals, many are non-profit organizations offering substantial charity care. But for-profit and non-profit hospitals alike must show return on investment to remain viable. Providers must also factor reimbursement policies of payers into their decisions, sometimes even clinical decisions. These groups of stakeholders—patients, providers, payers, and the government—have different goals and different responses to the rising cost of care.

Based on your understanding, answer the following:

In your opinion, can HSAs be aligned to the expectations of all these groups?

  

Do you think HSAs can help improve health care cost, quality, and access? Why or why not?

 

Advance Your Health Care Career

 Write a personal plan specifically for your career situation and goals.  

Create a 1,050- to 1,400-word plan for advancing your health care career. Include the following in your plan:

• Skills you will need to develop for future opportunities
• Strategies you will employ to gain the required skills needed for future opportunities
• Explanation of how you currently project a professional image and how you can continue to build your brand, considering the effect of professionalism and etiquette
• Strategies you will employ to advance your career
• How you will measure the effectiveness of your strategies to advance your career
• Strategies you can be employ for continued professional growth and advancement
• Your top 5 practices for career success, with descriptions